THE PHASES OF ARABIC GRAMMAR BEFORE THE ÉMERGENCE OF GRAMMAR SCHOOLS
Arabic grammar went a long way before it became a stand-alone science at the hands of Abu Al-Aswad Al-Du´ali. its first seeds began after the revelation of the Noble Quran and the spread of Islam, when the need for translating its verses became urgent, so that it would be understood by all the Desert Arabs, who were not at the same level of eloquence and understanding, and understood the Noble Qur´an correctly. And this is what the Prophet, peace be upon him, did when he explained many verses by clarifying the conjugation of words, or their uses, and thus he had sow the first seeds of grammatical reference, and he was followed in that by his great companions, may God bless them, such as Omar Ibn Al-Khattab, Ibn Masoud, Ali Ibn Abi Talib and Ibn Abbas, may God be pleased with him. All of them, and some of the followers such as Mujahid bin Jabr, Hassan Al-Basri and others, where many grammatical terms appeared. It should be noted that these grammatical analyses were for interpreting the Book of God Almighty, and were not to build a knowledge based on its own. Until Ali, may God be pleased with him, and Abu Al-Aswad Al-Du´ali came, and with them the journey of the science of Arabic grammar, which was matured at the hands of Al-Khalil and his student Sibawayh, began.
Keywords: Arabic grammar; grammar schools; Abu Al-Aswad Al-Du´ali.