THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE ALAWITES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION IN THE ISLAMIC EAST - NISHAPUR AS AN EXAMPLE
The Arab Islamic state expanded its geographical area, and the Muslim Arabs rushed to carry out many conquests, including their orientation towards the countries of the Islamic East. It becomes clear to us that the Alawite delegations to Nishapur go back to the beginning of the Islamic conquests of Persia in the Rashidun era, in order to establish the rule of the Arab Islamic state and spread the Islamic religion and the Arabic language. Because of the policy of the Umayyads and Abbasids towards the Alawites, which was known as persecution, injustice, abuse, and killing, the movement and settlement of the Alawites to the Islamic East increased, including the city of Nishapur, where they settled. Their delegations to this country had a great and important impact that led to the formation of a base that created an intellectual and cultural impact for them in Nishapur. This research dealt with the biographies of some of the Alawites who came to the Islamic East in order to reveal the important aspect of their intellectual, scientific and social life, through their role in spreading Islamic sciences and knowledge. In that country, which contributed to the development of Arab-Islamic civilization.
Keywords: Civilization of Islam, Alawites, Islamic East, Nishapur, Islamic Sciences.