THE ROLE OF THE DIVAN CLERKS AND POLITICAL LETTERS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE I. ABBASID PERIOD LITERATURE PROSE. AHMED BIN YOUSSEF'S ALHAMIS RESSALA AS AN EXAMPLE
Divan Scribe is a very old profession and it is said that it was one of the highest and most respected statures among worldly affairs, after the caliphate, when their positions in the state policy and judicial affairs are taken into account. Most of the time, the profession of the Divan Scribe was an important step to enter politics, as well as an important tool for reaching high positions such as Vizier. In general, Divan Scribes had a special role serving the Arab culture during the Abbasid period. Because the writing style of the Scribes had both lofty ideas and beautiful expression. As a matter of fact, as required by their statures, these people developed a dual-character expression that both emphasized the goals of the orders given from the administration and had the characteristics of Arabic rhetoric in the literal sense of the word. Their language was not a dry administrative language, on the contrary, it had brought together the requirements of the administrative language and the artistic beauties of the word. This study sheds light on the relations of the Divan Scribes with politics and the importance of this position during the Abbasid period. Again, in this study, the connection of the art of scribe with the vizier and the contributions of the scribes in service to the Arab-Islamic culture and especially in political thought are discussed despite the political crisis and troubles faced by the scribes.
Keywords: Abbasid, Clerk, Divan, Ressala, Ahmed Bin Youssef.